Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a 10x15-inch jelly roll pan with parchment paper and lightly grease.
Beat egg yolks with ½ cup sugar until thick and pale. Add lemon zest, juice, and vanilla.
In a separate bowl, whip egg whites with remaining sugar to stiff peaks.
Sift flour, baking powder, and salt; fold into yolk mixture. Gently fold in egg whites.
Spread batter evenly in pan, tap to remove air bubbles, and bake 12–15 minutes until springy.
Invert hot cake onto a powdered-sugar-dusted towel, peel parchment, and roll up with towel inside. Cool 1 hour.
Beat cream cheese and powdered sugar, add lemon curd and vanilla, then fold in whipped cream.
Unroll cooled cake, spread filling, and roll again without towel. Wrap in plastic and chill 2 hours.
Dust with powdered sugar or drizzle with glaze before serving.